MODEL PENGEMBANGAN WISATA SUNGAI KALIMAS BERBASIS PARIWISATA BERKELANJUTAN DI KAWASAN SUNGAI KALIMAS KOTA SURABAYA

Abstract

The Kalimas River serves as a strategic historical and ecological lifeline for the city of Surabaya, holding significant potential as an urban water-based tourism destination. This study aims to formulate an integrated development model for Kalimas River tourism based on sustainable tourism principles. The approach integrates ecological, socio-cultural, and local economic dimensions, as well as destination governance. A descriptive-exploratory mixed-methods approach was employed. Primary data were collected via structured Likert-scale questionnaires administered to 100 tourists using purposive sampling, supplemented by field observations, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. Data validity was reinforced through source triangulation. Descriptive analysis results indicate the highest positive ratings for river cruising (85%) and boat tours (80%). Regarding sustainability dimensions, positive perceptions stood at 80% for the environment, 78% for local economic benefits, and 75% for socio-cultural aspects. Understanding of historical narratives was strongest regarding the pre-colonial (90%) and colonial (85%) periods. The formulated conceptual model integrates measurable environmental conservation, historical interpretation design, attraction package diversification, MSME empowerment, and collaborative governance. The findings provide a strategic framework for policymakers to develop inclusive, adaptive, and highly competitive urban river governance.